How to Identify Skin Cancer: Visual Signs and Cancer Research Insights

Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers, and early detection can make a huge difference in treatment outcomes. Knowing what skin cancer looks like is crucial for identifying its warning signs. Check out this simple overview to help you understand what to look for and the latest insights from cancer research that are helping improve detection and treatment.

Visual Signs of Skin Cancer

Spotting skin cancer early can save lives, and understanding the visual cues is essential. There are three main types of skin cancer, each with distinct characteristics.

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer and can also occur in areas not frequently exposed to sunlight. What does skin cancer look like in this form? Look for small, shiny bumps or patches that may appear pearly, white, or pink. These spots can also include pink growths with raised edges or the appearance of blood vessels. These spots can become raised, red, or even open sores that bleed and crust over. BCC typically grows slowly, but it’s important to address it early to avoid complications​.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

Squamous cell carcinoma is often described as more aggressive, but it’s important to note that many cases of SCC are also very treatable. This form usually presents as rough, scaly red patches or wart-like growths. These lesions may crust, bleed, or develop into open sores. Unlike BCC, while SCC can spread to other body parts if left untreated, it does not imply that it always does; many cases are contained. Recognising what skin cancer looks like at this stage is critical for ensuring timely treatment.

Melanoma

Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer, but it’s also highly treatable when detected early. The ABCDE rule helps you recognise melanoma:

• Asymmetry: One half of the mole doesn’t match the other.
• Border: Edges are irregular or jagged.
• Colour: The colour isn’t consistent, with shades of black, brown, pink, or even blue.
• Diameter: Moles larger than ¼ inch (approximately 6mm) should be checked, but melanomas can sometimes be smaller than this.
• Evolving: Look for changes in size, shape, or colour over time​.

Insights from Cancer Research

Advancements in cancer research are making it easier to detect and treat skin cancer. One exciting area of progress is developing AI-driven tools that can identify skin cancer with greater accuracy. These tools are helping dermatologists pinpoint suspicious moles and lesions earlier than before​. Another breakthrough in cancer research includes new treatment options like immunotherapy and targeted therapies, which are promising in treating advanced skin cancer cases. These therapies are designed to help the immune system attack cancer cells or target specific proteins to stop the growth of tumours. It’s important to clarify that these treatments are typically considered for advanced or metastatic skin cancer rather than as first-line treatments for all cases.

Conclusion

Recognising what skin cancer looks like can protect your health and save lives. Remember to check your skin regularly and also monitor for any changes in existing moles or the emergence of new spots, not solely focus on regular checks. With continuous advancements in cancer research, treatments are becoming more effective, but early detection remains the key to the best outcomes. Stay proactive by practising sun safety and getting regular skin checks from a professional.